10. It’s Christmas#
In this lab, we will use functions to help us prepare for Christmas, including decorating a Christmas tree.
1. Christmas BUDGET
- transportation=10
- meal = 15
- presents = 50
- activities = 25
The following code will create a pie chart of this budget.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt #plot library
fig, ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(5,5)) #you can adjust the figsize (5,5)=(length,width)
budget_items = ['transportation','meal','presents','activities'] #categories
budget = [10,15,50,25] #enter the amounts for 'presents' and 'activities
total=sum(budget)
ax=plt.pie(budget,labels=budget_items,autopct=lambda p: '${:.0f}'.format(p * total / 100)) #make pie chart autopct='%1.0f%%'
plt.gca().set_title("Christmas Budget") #add a title
Text(0.5, 1.0, 'Christmas Budget')
2. Word Cloud Christmas Card
We'll use the lyrics to the Twelve Days of Christmas as the background for a Chistmas card.import wordcloud
#Define a function which counts the interesting words
def calculate_frequencies(textfile):
#list of punctuations
punctuations = '''!()-[]{};:'"\,<>./?@#$%^&*_~'''
#list of uninteresting words
uninteresting_words = ["AND","BY","IT","THE","THAT","A","IS","HAD","TO","NOT","BUT","FOR","OF","WHICH","IF","IN","ON","WERE","YE","THOU"]
# removes punctuation and uninteresting words
import re
fc1=str(textfile)
fc2= fc1.split(' ')
for i in range(len(fc2)):
fc2[i] = fc2[i].upper()
#Remove punctuations
fc3 = []
for s in fc2:
if not any([o in s for o in punctuations]):
fc3.append(s)
#Remove uninteresting words
fc4=[]
for s in fc3:
if not any([o in s for o in uninteresting_words]):
fc4.append(s)
fc5=[]
for s in fc4:
if not any([o.lower() in s for o in uninteresting_words]):
fc5.append(s)
while('' in fc5) :
fc5.remove('')
import collections
fc6 = collections.Counter(fc5)
#wordcloud
cloud = wordcloud.WordCloud( max_words = 12) #can adjust the number of words
cloud.generate_from_frequencies(fc6)
return cloud.to_array()
#Open the text file with the words to be plotted.
with open('twelvedays.txt','r') as file:
carol = file.readlines()
#make the wordcloud
carol = calculate_frequencies(carol)
plt.imshow(carol, interpolation = 'nearest')
plt.text(-5,70,"Merry Christmas!",color='r',size=40) #Add Christmas! after Merry
plt.axis('off')
plt.savefig('card.png', bbox_inches='tight')
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
AttributeError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-4-196ed7a23e44> in <module>
4
5 #make the wordcloud
----> 6 carol = calculate_frequencies(carol)
7 plt.imshow(carol, interpolation = 'nearest')
8 plt.text(-5,70,"Merry Christmas!",color='r',size=40) #Add Christmas! after Merry
<ipython-input-3-1942ee8b4b96> in calculate_frequencies(textfile)
35 #wordcloud
36 cloud = wordcloud.WordCloud( max_words = 12) #can adjust the number of words
---> 37 cloud.generate_from_frequencies(fc6)
38 return cloud.to_array()
~/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/wordcloud/wordcloud.py in generate_from_frequencies(self, frequencies, max_font_size)
451 font_size = self.height
452 else:
--> 453 self.generate_from_frequencies(dict(frequencies[:2]),
454 max_font_size=self.height)
455 # find font sizes
~/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/wordcloud/wordcloud.py in generate_from_frequencies(self, frequencies, max_font_size)
506 font, orientation=orientation)
507 # get size of resulting text
--> 508 box_size = draw.textbbox((0, 0), word, font=transposed_font, anchor="lt")
509 # find possible places using integral image:
510 result = occupancy.sample_position(box_size[3] + self.margin,
~/anaconda3/lib/python3.8/site-packages/PIL/ImageDraw.py in textbbox(self, xy, text, font, anchor, spacing, align, direction, features, language, stroke_width, embedded_color)
655 font = self.getfont()
656 mode = "RGBA" if embedded_color else self.fontmode
--> 657 bbox = font.getbbox(
658 text, mode, direction, features, language, stroke_width, anchor
659 )
AttributeError: 'TransposedFont' object has no attribute 'getbbox'
3. Analysis of Christmas Hits
Read and display the first five lines in the file christmas_billboard_data.csv. What song appears on the chart the greatest number of times?import pandas as pd
df=pd.read_csv("christmas_billboard_data.csv")
df.head()
| url | weekid | week_position | song | performer | songid | instance | previous_week_position | peak_position | weeks_on_chart | year | month | day | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | http://www.billboard.com/charts/hot-100/1958-1... | 12/13/1958 | 83 | RUN RUDOLPH RUN | Chuck Berry | Run Rudolph RunChuck Berry | 1 | NaN | 69 | 3 | 1958 | 12 | 13 |
| 1 | http://www.billboard.com/charts/hot-100/1958-1... | 12/20/1958 | 57 | JINGLE BELL ROCK | Bobby Helms | Jingle Bell RockBobby Helms | 1 | NaN | 29 | 19 | 1958 | 12 | 20 |
| 2 | http://www.billboard.com/charts/hot-100/1958-1... | 12/20/1958 | 73 | RUN RUDOLPH RUN | Chuck Berry | Run Rudolph RunChuck Berry | 1 | 83.0 | 69 | 3 | 1958 | 12 | 20 |
| 3 | http://www.billboard.com/charts/hot-100/1958-1... | 12/20/1958 | 86 | WHITE CHRISTMAS | Bing Crosby | White ChristmasBing Crosby | 1 | NaN | 12 | 13 | 1958 | 12 | 20 |
| 4 | http://www.billboard.com/charts/hot-100/1958-1... | 12/27/1958 | 44 | GREEN CHRI$TMA$ | Stan Freberg | Green Chri$tma$Stan Freberg | 1 | NaN | 44 | 2 | 1958 | 12 | 27 |
df["song"].value_counts() #add the missing info
JINGLE BELL ROCK 28
ALL I WANT FOR CHRISTMAS IS YOU 20
ROCKIN' AROUND THE CHRISTMAS TREE 19
WHITE CHRISTMAS 16
THE CHIPMUNK SONG (CHRISTMAS DON'T BE LATE) 16
MISTLETOE 14
BETTER DAYS 13
THIS ONE'S FOR THE CHILDREN 12
AMEN 11
PLEASE COME HOME FOR CHRISTMAS 11
IF WE MAKE IT THROUGH DECEMBER 10
WINTER WORLD OF LOVE 9
THE MARVELOUS TOY 9
LITTLE ALTAR BOY 9
SAME OLD LANG SYNE 8
THE CHRISTMAS SONG (MERRY CHRISTMAS TO YOU) 8
WHEN A CHILD IS BORN 7
DO THEY KNOW IT'S CHRISTMAS? 7
LET IT SNOW 7
PRETTY PAPER 7
MONSTERS' HOLIDAY 6
THE HAPPY REINDEER 6
BABY'S FIRST CHRISTMAS 6
MY FAVORITE THINGS 6
WHAT CAN YOU GET A WOOKIEE FOR CHRISTMAS (WHEN HE ALREADY OWNS A COMB?) 6
IT DOESN'T HAVE TO BE THAT WAY 5
SANTA'S A FAT BITCH 5
LAST CHRISTMAS 5
BELIEVE 5
THIS CHRISTMAS 5
..
DECK THE HALLS 3
SANTA CLAUS IS WATCHING YOU 3
RUN RUDOLPH RUN 3
MERRY CHRISTMAS IN THE NFL 3
TWISTIN' BELLS 3
CHRISTMAS LIGHTS 3
I BELIEVE IN FATHER CHRISTMAS 3
GREEN CHRI$TMA$ 2
THE CHRISTMAS SHOES 2
HAPPY XMAS (WAR IS OVER) 2
CHRISTMAS DREAM 2
A GREAT BIG SLED 2
SILENT NIGHT 2
BABY, IT'S COLD OUTSIDE 2
I'LL BE HOME 2
THE SANTA CLAUS BOOGIE 1
OH SANTA! 1
CHILD OF GOD 1
BLUE CHRISTMAS 1
IT'S THE MOST WONDERFUL TIME OF THE YEAR 1
FELIZ NAVIDAD 1
A HOLLY JOLLY CHRISTMAS 1
I'LL BE HOME FOR CHRISTMAS 1
GREATEST TIME OF YEAR 1
HAVE YOURSELF A MERRY LITTLE CHRISTMAS 1
GRANDMA GOT RUN OVER BY A REINDEER 1
WHERE ARE YOU CHRISTMAS? 1
WELCOME CHRISTMAS 1
SHAKE UP CHRISTMAS 1
IT'S BEGINNING TO LOOK A LOT LIKE CHRISTMAS 1
Name: song, Length: 70, dtype: int64
4. Creating a Christmas Carol
import numpy as np
from IPython.display import Audio
rest=0
do=220
re=9/8*220
mi=5/4*220
fa=4/3*220
so=3/2*220
la=5/3*220
ti=15/8*220
do1=2*220
re1=2*9/8*220
mi1=2*5/4*220
fa1=2*4/3*220
so1=2*3/2*220
la1=2*5/3*220
ti1=2*15/8*220
do2=2*2*220
la0=5/3*110
do0=110
silentnight=[so,la,so,mi,mi,mi,so,la,so,mi,mi,mi,re1,rest,re1,ti,ti,ti,do1,rest,do1,so,so,so,la,rest,la,do1,ti,la,so,la,so,mi,mi,mi,la,rest,la,do1,ti,la,so,la,so,mi,mi,mi,re1,rest,re1,fa1,re1,ti,do1,do1,do1,mi1,mi1,mi1,do1,so,mi,so,fa,re,do,do,do,do,do,do]
def play(song):
song=np.array(song)
framerate = 44100
t = np.linspace(0, len(song) / 2, round(framerate * len(song) / 2))[:-1]
song_idx = np.floor(t * 2).astype(int)
data = np.sin(2 * np.pi * song[song_idx] * t)
return Audio(data, rate=framerate, autoplay=True)
play(silentnight) #supply what is missing to this function
5. Decorating a Christmas Tree
a) Import libraries.
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.image as mpimg
from matplotlib.offsetbox import TextArea, DrawingArea, OffsetImage, AnnotationBbox
import numpy as np
b) Create an ornament class.
class ORNAMENT:
def __init__(self,x,y,image,size): #properties
self.x=x #object's position is (x,y)
self.y=y
self.image=image #name of the image file
self.size=size #specify the size
def moveup(self,yamount): #method to move the object vertically
self.y = self.y+yamount
def movedown(self,yamount): #method to move the object vertically
self.y = self.y-yamount
def moveright(self,xamount): #method to move the object horizontally
self.x = self.x+xamount
def moveleft(self,xamount): #method to move the object horizontally
self.x = self.x-xamount
def zoom(self,factor): #method to enlarge or shrink the object
self.size= self.size*factor
return
c) Create the ornament objects and position them on a tree.
#create ornament objects
o1=ORNAMENT(.1,.7,'O1.jpg',.3)
o2=ORNAMENT(.1,.4,'O2.jpg',.2)
o3=ORNAMENT(.1,.2,'O3.jpg',.3)
star=ORNAMENT(.9,.5,'star.png',.1)
#create a function to put the ornaments on a tree
def decorate(o1,o2,o3,star):
#make a graph
fig, ax = plt.subplots(frameon=False)
ax.set_aspect('equal')
#add a tree
treefig = mpimg.imread('xtree.png')
imagebox = OffsetImage(treefig, zoom=0.5)
ab = AnnotationBbox(imagebox, (0.5, 0.45),frameon=False)
ax.add_artist(ab)
orn1 = mpimg.imread(o1.image)
imagebox= OffsetImage(orn1, zoom=o1.size)
firstorn = AnnotationBbox(imagebox, (o1.x, o1.y),frameon=False)
ax.add_artist(firstorn)
orn2 = mpimg.imread(o2.image)
imagebox= OffsetImage(orn2, zoom=o2.size)
secondorn = AnnotationBbox(imagebox, (o2.x, o2.y),frameon=False)
ax.add_artist(secondorn)
orn3 = mpimg.imread(o3.image)
imagebox= OffsetImage(orn3, zoom=o3.size)
thirdorn = AnnotationBbox(imagebox, (o3.x, o3.y),frameon=False)
ax.add_artist(thirdorn)
starorn = mpimg.imread(star.image)
imagebox= OffsetImage(starorn, zoom=star.size)
thirdorn = AnnotationBbox(imagebox, (star.x, star.y),frameon=False)
ax.add_artist(thirdorn)
return
Let’s start decorating!
decorate(o1,o2,o3,star)
Let’s move the first ornament (o1) to the right by .4 units.
o1.moveright(.4)
decorate(o1,o2,o3,star)
ASSIGNMENT
Now you can finish decorating the tree!Solution#
o2.moveright(.3)
o3.moveright(.5)
decorate(o1,o2,o3,star)
star.moveleft(.37)
star.moveup(.5)
decorate(o1,o2,o3,star)
